الذاكرة التاريخية وإشكالية بناء الهوية الوطنية وإدارة التنوع في الحكم الملكي (1921-1958)‎

الملخص EN

The emergence of the modern Iraqi state and the events that the world will witness at the beginning of the twentieth century and its political, social and cultural effects is an important topic, as it contributed mainly to the disintegration of the remaining political organizations in its totalitarian imperial form and the replacement of modern nation-states.

through this study, we wanted to show how the royal government was able to manage the diversity of ethnic, religious and national differences in Iraq, and whether the government succeeded during the royal era in building a comprehensive national identity that includes all the diversity of groups under one national identity, and from.

here, the study seeks to highlight the role of national trends that emerged with the establishment of the modern Iraqi state, as they had an impact on slowing down the process of achieving social integration and building the Iraqi national identity.

we will address: • the government›s position on the Shiite issue.

• the government›s position on the Kurdish issue.

• the government›s position on the Assyrian issue.

• the position of the royal government on the Turkmen issue.

despite the availability of some requirements for building a national identity (such as a constitution, parties, and constitutional institutions), the monarchy was unable to build this identity, and this is due to several reasons, including: 1.

the growth of nationalism, which was broadcast from the realization of its own nation-states outside the borders of Iraq.

2.

the emergence of social differences and class contradictions that British colonialism and the ruling royal elite played a role in increasing its range and deepening its unity, which negatively affected most sectors of society.