أثر التذبذب المناخي في التنوع الإحيائي الحيواني في محافظة المثنى للمدة ( 1988-2017)‎

الملخص EN

Climate fluctuations are one of the most important and dangerous challenges facing the residents of Al-Muthanna Governorate, as a result of the direct effects these changes cause in threatening animal biodiversity (wild animals, birds, insects).

The research aims to study the reality of climatic fluctuations in Al-Muthanna Governorate, to identify the extent of its impact on The animal diversity necessary for livelihoods in it.

The governorate includes a variety of animals.

Work has been done to analyze the most volatile climatic elements, by drawing time series at a rate of five years for each, and tracking the trend line for each element of the climate in terms of rise or fall and compare it with the annual average.

for these items, according to the data of the climatic Samawah station during the study period (1988-2017) and for a period of thirty years, and as a result of analyzing the study period and dividing it into short periods according to the fluctuations that emerged in the graphs of the climatic elements, all climatic elements in the study area witnessed clear climatic fluctuations from a period of to another for their general annual averages.

Despite the short duration of the study, most of the changes that occurred in climatic elements due to their deviation from their averages were during the last years of the study period, and this corresponds to the severity of climate change that the world is witnessing at the same time.

The study concluded that climatic fluctuations led to the emergence of new species of scorpions that have the ability to adapt to rising temperatures.

Also, about (11) species of mammals and (4) species of reptiles are also threatened with extinction, and animals from the environment of the study area became extinct with a number of (7) species, as these animals were exposed to the risk of hunting as a result of searching for food habitats away from areas of temperature High temperatures resulting from changing climatic conditions, as the rise in temperatures and the accompanying increase in the evaporation process, low humidity and the spread of desertification threaten the existence of biological diversity in the governorate