الأثر التعليمي للإيضاحات العملية بالممارسة في مجال مكافحة أفات الزيتون بمنطقة عين القديرات بمركز الحسنة بمحافظة شمال سيناء

الملخص EN

The research aimed to determine the knowledge of the olive growers surveyed regarding the axes of olive pest control before and after their exposure to practical clarifications in the practice implemented in the research area, and to identify the level of change in their knowledge as a result of this exposure, and to determine the differences between the average degrees of their knowledge, tribal and dimensional, and determine the relationship between that level and their independent variables studied.

this research was conducted in the Ain al-Qudeirat area in the village of al-Qasima in the center of al-Hasana in central Sinai, where practical clarifications were carried out in practice in the field of olive pest control in that area for 57 olive farmers in the region whose crops were exposed to pests, and in the presence of professors specialized in olive cultivation, plant protection, pesticides and agricultural extension.

from the desert research center, in the presence of representatives of the directorate of agriculture and agricultural administration, and a number of tribal leaders in the region.

the research data were collected through a personal interview of the respondents exposed to practical clarifications in the practice implemented in the research area, by using two questionnaires for each of the pre-test during October 2021 and the post-test during the month of December 2021, and percentages, frequency distribution tables, t-test and relative congruence factor were used in their analysis.

the most important results of the research were as follows:- 1- the average knowledge of the respondents regarding the total axes of olive pest control before implementing the practical clarifications in practice in the research area reached (52.6%), and that percentage increased after implementation to reach (80.7%).

2- the average level of change in the knowledge of the respondents exposed to practical clarifications in practice in the studied axes to control olive pests in the research area was weak for (28.1%), it was medium for (36.8%), and it was high for (35.1%), with an average score of (2.07), it falls in the middle category.

3- it was possible to arrange the studied axes in the field of olive pest control in the research area, according to the average degree of responses of the respondents exposed to practical clarifications in practice to the change in their knowledge of them as follows:, then the range of conditions to be observed when chemical control of olive pests in the research area with a medium degree of (2.28), which is in the medium change category, then the field of mechanical measures to control olive pests in the research area have a medium degree of (2.14), which is in the medium change category, then the area of damage to olive pests in the research area is at a medium degree of (1.84), which is in the medium change category, and finally, the area of identification of olive pests in the research area is at a medium degree.

its value is (1.68), which is in the medium change category.

4- the average degrees of the respondents’ knowledge regarding the axes of olive pest control before they were exposed to practical explanations in the practice implemented in the research area (25.01), while its value after exposure to them reached (35,32) degrees, with a change of (10.31) degrees representing (29.19%) of the average after exposure, and with a significant difference between the two means according to the calculated (32.19) value (t), which is significant at the probability level (0.01).

5- the level of change in the respondents’ knowledge regarding the axes of olive pest control as a result of their exposure to practical clarifications in the practice implemented in the research area was significantly related at a probability level of (0.01) with: the profession, the area planted with olives, experience in agricultural work, and exposure to sources of information the trend towards agricultural innovations, the trend towards agricultural extension, and at a probabilistic level of (0.05) with: age, education level, agricultural land tenure, and social participation formal, informal social participation, openness to the outside world, readiness for change, and ambition, while it had a non-moral relationship with: marital status, family type, number of family members, and adherence to tribal customs and traditions.

the research recommended that those in charge of agricultural extension work in north Sinai governorate should pay attention to implementing specialized training programs based on the real needs of farmers, especially with regard to integrated control operations for olive pests, while continuing to train the rest of the farmers in the central Sinai region in particular and the desert governorates in general on those operations that make them more efficiency for the work they do for the success of their efforts in overcoming agricultural problems, increasing agricultural productivity and improving their income, which contributes to progress and improving their economic and social level, and thus improving the ways of life in those desert areas.