الآثار البيئية المحتملة للتغيرات الكمية و النوعية للمياه في اليمن

الملخص EN

Water resources in Yemen suffer from problems of a quantitative nature, related to rates of rainfall, and the topographic situation in many parts of Yemen that does not help to preserve rainwater.

The climate also causes a decrease in the utilization rate of this water as a result of high evaporation and a lack of vegetation cover.

The depletion of the limited water resources day after day, as the gap between the quantities of recharge and the withdrawal of water from different water basins widens.

Through the excessive increase in water use by agricultural sector, which consume more than 90% of the water resources, show that 30% of the total ground water used in agriculture is for Qat.

The deterioration of the water quality is also the result of human and natural activities, represented by the infiltration of various types of pollutions into the aquifers, including untreated or partially treated sewage water, the absence of solid waste management, waste automobile oil, and the use of fertilizers and agricultural pesticides, a major source of surface and ground water pollution.

This study aims to address the institutional and environmental factors affecting the quantity and quality of water and its potential environmental impacts.

The methodology was adopted by collecting and analyzing information.

Accordingly, the necessity of mobilizing community, private and governmental efforts to address the water situation in Yemen, by developing water resources through the implementation of rainwater harvesting facilities, adopting a policy of diversifying water sources by providing new water resources such as desalinating sea water for coastal cities and areas near those coasts for example, Taiz city.

Addressing the water crisis in general requires strengthening institutional capacities and working on adopting mechanisms of transparency and accountability for the water and wastewater services.

Perhaps the rational management of water resources at the present time requires a greater effort than increasing water supplies.