أثر علماء جبل عامل في الدولة الصفوية: الشيخ علي الكركي و الشيخ حسين بن عبد الصمد العاملي أنموذجا

الملخص EN

The e Amel scholars mobilized all their cultural and scientific prowess to reach the masses as they believed that knowledge shall not be deprived and hidden from the public and shall be viewed as a responsibility rather than an accomplish- ment, a responsibility that they would have to honor especially in times where wide- spread ignorance, delusion, deviant ideas, and heresies shadowed over the Safavid state.

Based on this ideology, they identified the structure, problems and challenges of the Persian society and tried to conven ignorance to science and their weakness to strength.

This responsibility that they have taken upon themselves to preserve, guide and stabilizæ the ummah was their unique way of Jihad and apply the com- mandments of Sharia.

Based on this background our focus will be on the inception of the Safavid Sufi state and the imprint that two of these scholars had in guiding and shaping the Sa- favid policy and intellect: Sheikh Noor al-Din Abu al-Hassan Ali bin al-Hussain bin Abd al-Aali al-Amili al-Karaki «870 AH-940 AH».

Sheikh Hussain bin Abd al-Samad bin Muhammad bin Ali al-Harithi al-Luiz_ani (father of Sheikh al-Bahai).

Those scholars were well renowned and have changed the fate and ideas of the Islamic culture and by doing so, succeeded in manifesting the pillars of Shiism in the Islamic world.

Considering the emergence of the Safavid state and its motives for adopting Shi .ism as a doctrine for their state, we divided the research into an introduction and two studies.

In the first of which we dealt with the emergence and rise of the Safavid state, and in the second with the biography of the Sheikhs.

In the conclusion, we explained the role of scholars in establishing the pillars and foundation of Shi 'ism and confronting and repelling ideological deviations in the Safavid state.