مؤتمر مونتغومري 4-9 شباط 1861م: قراءة تاريخية في تكوين النظام السياسي لجمهورية الولايات الكونفدرالية الأمريكية

الملخص EN

The Montgomery Conference, which took place between February 4-9 1861, constitutes an important milestone in the history Of the United States Of America, as it embodies the political efforts Of the only schism that occurred in it, when six southern states were separated in December 1860 and January 1861: South Carolina, Mississippi, Alabama, Florida,Georgia, and Louisiana, separate from the United States Of America, and then this conference was held in Montgomery, capital of the state Of Alabama, in an effort to unite them and establish an independent political entity in the name Of "the Republic of the Confederate States Of America", and therefore this research attempts to shed light On the emergence of the idea of the confer- ence, the intellectual level and political culture of the forty-three delegates sent by the six separate states to it, analyzing the details of the discussions that took place in the six days of the conference, tracking the stages of form- ing the political system for the new repu blic, examining the reasons and con- ditions that led to the prevalence of feelings Of friendliness between the two conferences and the victory Willing moderate views on its extremist coun- terparts within the conference, and the conference's adoption Of a political system and provisional constitution similar to the United States constitution Of 1789, with some minor amendments to it, That relates to issues of expan- Sion Of decentralized powers, by increasing state powers, and protecting the slave system.