تطور الإنفاق على البحث العلمي، و فرص الجامعات في تحويله إلى الإنفاق الذاتي : دراسة وصفية

الملخص EN

This research discusses the problem of spending on scientific research in universities, so it seeks to show the extent to which universities rely on their own resources to spend on scientific research.

This research comes within the framework of a global trend to consider scientific research as a marketable product that can be depend upon to achieve a financial profit that can be used for spending on scientific research itself.

The nature of the research required that it rely on the descriptive and analytical method; where it provided an analytical description of this subject from several sides, it also depended on the historical method in tracking the stages of spending on scientific research throughout history.

The research came in an introduction, preface, three sections and a conclusion; The introduction included an explanation of the topic of the study, its objectives, its importance, and the methodology used in the study, The introduction defined the concepts of scientific research and self-spending, The first section discussed the historical development of spending on scientific research, starting from the personal effort in spending on research, then sponsoring scholars and princes for students of science, and finally establishing research institutions and setting their own budgets.

As for the second section, it discussed the universities' position on scientific research and its requirements, and it defined these requirements in: human and financial requirements, then the infrastructure, as well as it discussed the sources of spending on scientific research in universities, and it defined them in two forms of spending: government spending, and non-spending.

Government.

As for the third section, it reviewed the most important experiences of universities in switching to self-spending, such as the experience of Australian and American universities, the experience of OxfordUniversity, the experience of Japanese universities, and then the experience of KingSaudiUniversity as a model for Arab universities.

Finally, the conclusion of the research came, which included the most important results and recommendations, and one of the most important results of the research is that the reason for the universities' delay in depending on self-resources to spend on scientific research is their weak relationship with business and industry sectors, which made them produce research in isolation from the problems and issues of society, Moreover, most of the research produced by universities is not applicable.