رؤية حول السلام المستدام في السودان

الملخص EN

Sudan is currently going through a critical stage after a pacific revolution that ended decades of military and ideological rule that caused many conflicts and ended with the separation of the south.

As the first goal of the new transitional government was to establish peace, this paper examines the historical development of conflicts from independence to the 2019 revolution and the theoretical frameworks for the causes of conflicts, especially in Africa, which ranges from the ecological approaches that attributes conflicts to environmental factors such as climate change and its consequences, and there is a school that focuses on Socio- anthropological dimensions and sees the need to identify the components of conflicting groups and return to the usual historical solutions in those societies, and some researchers see the need to develop infrastructure that promotes social preparedness to resolve conflicts and control at the same time.

Neo-Malthusianism looks at the inevitability of conflicts in light of the imbalance between resources and population, and the school of political economy sees the real reasons for the weakness of the state, the absence of democracy, the inability to manage the economy and corruption.

As for the humanistic school, it sees the real causes of inequality between groups, the fragility of societies and the spread of poverty.

Some researchers focus on the form of the spatial structure that summarizes all the negatives and positives of the political space.

It also exist researches analyzing single causes of conflicts, although it is the product of a combination of the aforementioned factors such as food and water security and land expropriation.

Undoubtedly, new factors such as the spread of the COVID-19 a shadow over the problem of conflicts, and the research concludes with a set of recommendations, the most important of which are the establishment of early warning systems and the adoption of multihazards approach