النقوش الكتابية على المنارات القراخانية بآسيا الوسطى في القرن (6 ه 12 م)‎: دراسة آثاريه فنية بصرية في ضوء نماذج مختارة

الملخص EN

The Qarakhanid religious architecture in Central Asia in the two centuries (5-6 A.

H / 11-12 A.

D) received a great deal of attention by the Ilkhanians Khans, Further this is evident through the attention to the decoration of mosques and their accessories such as minarets with plant and geometric decorations and inscriptions, Many cities in Central Asia were famous for their magnificent minarets, such as: Samarkand, Balasagon, Uzkind, Tirmidh, Bukhara, Vapkent, Kalyan, which were used in their construction of bricks of various types, shapes, sizes and colors, some of which were cylindrical, conical, or inclined in the form of high towers.

The Qarakhanid minarets are considered to have a unique and distinctive regional architectural style.

The minaret takes the form of a distinctive lantern at the top, which covers top of the minaret.

The interest in the decoration of the minaret began with inscriptions and various decorations on the base and body of the minaret since the 4-5 A.

H / 10-11 A.

D.

We find various methods of cladding the entire body of the minaret with geometric, structural, and epigraphic decorations using bricks or terracotta, and glazing with various colors is noted.

The inscriptions were executed in various forms, they may be in the form of an inscription panel on one side of the minaret or in the form of a horizontal strip above the entrance, and it revolves on the sides of the base of the minaret, so that it includes the name of the originator, his titles, the date of construction and some propaganda phrases for him, or Qur'anic verses and texts in the form of a construction in a horizontal strip that revolves around the body of the minaret itself.

One of the most famous Calligraphy used at this stage is the simple Kufic script, which later evolved into the use of Kufic calligraphy with simple decorative increments, the interlacing Kufic script, and Thuluth script.