الهندسة المعمارية للمساجد البوسنية في العهد العثماني : دراسة تاريخية حضارية

الملخص EN

The countries of Bosnia and Herzegovina (see map no.

1), as it appears from its dual name in our present time, consist of the two regions of Bosnia in the north and Herzegovina in the south, and these two neighboring regions were often united and separated and quarreled according to the whims of the politicians on their throne during historical eras.

Bosnia : it is a vast country located in the northwest of the Balkan peninsula (1) in eastern Europe, and it is bordered on the north by the Sawa river, which is 979 km long, on the east by the Darya river, on the west by Dalmatia (2) (Dalmaija), and from the south Herzegovina region(3)as for its name by this name, there are several opinions of historians as follows :- first: there are those who interpreted that it acquired this name from one of the most famous rivers in the Balkans, the Bosna river(Bosna Rijeka), which originates from the foot of mount Anmen (Igman) in its south, and extends across the country through three of its largest cities : Sarajevo.

and Zeneca (Zeneca), and (DOBOJ), and its many branches feed various parts, and pour into the Sawa river to the north, and the name of the Bosnian river may have been borrowed from the Illyrian word (Pocinus) or the word (BOS) which means running water (4), its position became measured by how much it contributed to the civilization under the ottoman empire, which had a role in spreading Islam to southeastern Europe, especially in Bosnia, which is an integral part of it.

it contributed to the prosperity of Islamic architecture, so the architectural heritage of the country became ottomanism is a huge heritage, and part of it is in Europe, where ottoman architecture represents the final stage of the development and engineering of Islamic architecture, and the ottoman architects developed Islamic architecture through bold attempts to renewal, innovation, and excellence influenced by the local environment where they created the finest architectural artifacts.

the study of Islamic architecture in the Balkans is one of the important studies in modern and contemporary history.

the aim of this research is to highlight the architectural works in the Balkans region in general, and Bosnia in particular, and to highlight the importance of an aspect of Islamic engineering for mosque architecture in Bosnia during the ottoman period and to raise awareness of its preservation, support financially and morally, reveal the heritage of this region and interest in it, and increase research and the study about it for those interested in European ottoman history, and the religious establishments in Bosnia, especially the khosrow pasha mosque, have chosen a lofty architectural model with its architecture to date for its religious standing in the hearts of Muslims throughout Bosnia, using the descriptive historical approach in terms of the engineering analytical study of the style and architecture of religious establishments in Bosnia during the ottoman era and from the results of the research, we found the preservation of the Islamic engineering heritage in Bosnia for long periods into our modern era, and the pride of the people of Bosnia in the presence of the Islamic civilization on their lands.