الصراع الدولي و أثره على تحول تجارة طريق اللبان صوب البحر الأحمر

الملخص EN

This research is a trace of the internal and external factors that surrounded the international frankincense and incense route which used to connected the countries of the Indian ocean and the Mediterranean sea across the western Arabian island.

these factors eventually led to the shift of most of the frankincense and incense route trade to the red sea route by the beginning of the CE, after the frankincense and incense route has remained a great reputation throughout the second and first millennium BC.

addressing the consequences of this shift, whether its negative dimension to some regions or its positive dimension to others.