العلاج النفسي عند العثمانيين و الأوروبيين خلال القرنين السابع عشر و الثامن عشر الميلادي : دراسة مقارنة

الملخص EN

Interest of psychological health, prevention of psychological disorders and its causes could be traced back to old civilizations.

Several and various contributions had been provided in a bid to comprehend and treat psychological disorders based on understanding its cause(s) leading to such case, together with available tools and means.

Regardless of such attempts and contributions, or interpretations which had been often reliant upon metaphysics or deemed beyond the genuine nature of such disorders, those could be considered as an indicator to the human’s interest in psychology from the early beginning.

Further, it could be viewed as an attempt to comprehend the human behavior and experience.

Nonetheless, interest in psychology in the fashion currently recognized and exercised could be traced back to the early Islamic era, where some certain patterns of psychological care had been detected.

Such contributions had represented the core of subsequent changes since Muslim physicians had later recognized the significance of healthcare, social and psychological care for the human beings.

As a result, healthcare centers had been prevalent in Damascus, Baghdad and Andalusia.

Hence, music and agriculture therapy had been among the common therapeutic techniques therein – called after the Persian word of ‘Bimarestans’ or Hospitals, which had been mainly concerned with restoration of balance for psychological patients.The Ottomans’ interest in parish encompasses all aspects of life, even diseases affecting a group of people, and they were concerned with health in general and mental health in particular, where special chapters were given to them in ottoman medicine books.

Ottoman doctors also mastered their treatment at a time when Europe treated them as animals or eliminated this category.

This view has changed in Europe and under the influence of the Ottoman Empire.The study focused on psychotherapy in the Ottoman Empire as part of its concerns for the health of the Ottomans and led them to departments in bimarstans and hospitals to treat them and correct the diseases they suffered from.The study used the inductive approach in the light of the information available on the subject.And it turns out that the Ottomans had a more humane view of mental illness, which influenced western Europe’s view of the direction of mental illness.