الأساليب العقابية للخارجين في عصر الدولة الرسولية (626-858 ه 1229-1454 م)‎

الملخص EN

This research dealt with violence (punishment) in the era of the Rasulid state in Yemen (626-858 AH -1229-1454 AD).

The sultans of the Rasulid State used violence as a powerful and effective tool to establish their rule; to curb the rebellions; to subdue their opponents, and deter the perpetrators of crimes.

This starts from addressing the diversity in the types of those penalties, in terms of image, severity, timing and tool, and passing through those punitive forms such as financial confiscations of samples from various political and societal segments, and the financial and administrative accounts and royal investigations that accompanied those confiscations.

Physical violence (punishment) took many forms between imprisonment and private and public prisons, as well as kohl, nailing, mediation, captivity, pressing, drugging and beating, not to mention looting, demolition, siege, burning, intimidation and intrigue.

The research also did not overlook the active and influential role of these punitive forms in establishing the rulership of the sultans and the imposition of the prestige of the state.

As a result, a strong feeling prevailed among the public and the private people of the existence of that prestige.

The research also investigated other types of political and administrative violence (punishment) such as exile and deportation, and their results and repercussions on the reality of that era.

The research also touched on other forms of punishment, such as the issue of hostage-taking by the sultans from their opponents and the sheikhs of tribes outside their rule.

The research also dealt with the issue of dismissal and exemption from positions as one of the punitive forms of political and administrative violence.

The research concluded with a number of results which are mentioned in the conclusion.

Finally, the study relied on many sources, some of which are contemporary to the Rasulid period, and some that are modern.