هرمنيوطيقا الظاهراتية الوجودية : نقد المنهج في تأويليات هايدغر

الملخص EN

The main ontology of Heidegger is the same philosophical premise of Gadamer’s philosophical hermeneutics.

Heidegger’s method in basic philosophy, and therefore Gadamer’s method in philosophical hermeneutics -according to their express statements- is existential phenomenology.

From this aspect, concepts such as reality, existence, understanding, meaning, and the world are re-defined in philosophical hermeneutics through the phenomenological trend.

Thus, the usage of these terms within this form of hermeneutics and philosophy differs completely from their usages in other hermeneutics and philosophies which do not follow phenomenological methods.

The problem here is that existential phenomenology has been subjected to fundamental criticism, and this criticism has generated actual crises with regards to Heidegger’s basic ontology and Gadamer’s philosophical hermeneutics.

The reason is that phenomenology was originally created to solve the harmony between the outer presence and the mental presence of a thing, but has practically failed in doing so and sufficed with erasing the form of the issue.

As a result, phenomenology cannot form a suitable fulcrum for philosophical hermeneutics.

Furthermore, due to the fact that phenomenology is ultimately based on the individual, and the circle of its influence is limited to the particular phenomena exposed to the interpreter, it therefore leads to relativity and even to idealism.