مناهج المتكلمين في إثبات وجود رب العالمين و مقدماتها

الملخص EN

This research addresses the knowledge leading to the evidences proving that Allah exists along with that which is inseparable from the necessary existent.

Views of theologians from amongst the Mu`tazila, Al Asha`rah, and Al Maturddiyah regarding the first obligation of the responsible Muslim, the concept of contemplation and its evidence in case it is authentic and directing that evidence-be it intellectual as adopted by the Mu`tazila and Al Maturddiyah or intellectual and legal as adopted by Al Asha`rah-proving the existence of Allah, have been examined.

Reference is also made to some schools of speculative theology (Kalam),such as the Gnosticism.

This paper concludes with the intellectual proofs and evidences adopted by the scholars proving that Allah exists, in addition to the legal proofs and evidences based on contemplation and verses from the Glorious Quran, the recurrent Prophetic Sunnah along with agreeing on the denotations of their expressions, knowing the attributes that clear the necessary existent from any shortages, or what contradicts with proving His existence in ancient times and that He the Almighty doesn`t need any of His creatures.