مفهوم المقاولة : أبعادها القانونية و الاجتماعية و الاقتصادية، أصنافها و أنواعها، و دورها في تحقيق التحولات الاجتماعية و الاقتصادية

الملخص EN

This article is a summary of the key concepts that I touched upon in my research to obtain a doctorate in sociology on the topic: “Macro Enterprises and their Role in Achieving Socio- economic Transformations in Youssoufia city: Moroccan Phosphates Company (OCP) as a case study between the years 1960 and 2010, which I defended in the faculty of Arts and Human Sciences, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh, on 02/03/2017.

Through this thesis, I tried to approach the macro enterprise in general and the big one in a scientifically objective way along with dealing with the types and categories of enterprises.

I have also analyzed the social, legal and economic dimensions of the enterprise and its role in bringing about social and economic changes.

For, Youssoufia and its suburbs was the field of the study.

So, I divided this article into four main axes.

In the first axis, I defined the concept of enterprise, whether in terms of capital management, or multiple partners and shareholders (the company), it is considered a production unit for a group of goods or services, or both at once and directed to the market with the aim of achieving certain profits.

As for the second axis, which is related to its dimensions, in terms of the legal structure, companies as multi-partner contractors at the administrative and financial levels, they are divided into two categories.

The two main companies include: (1) Limited Liability Companies (L.L.C) and (2) Anonymous Companies (A.C).

Afterwards, we explained some aspects of the enterprises’ social and economic dimensions.

The third axis is devoted to the types and categories of enterprises, distinguishing between three types: The small, mid-sized and macro enterprises.

We find that their types encompass, the industrial, agricultural, and serviceable.

In the fourth and final axis, I dealt with the significance of conceptualizing transformation focusing on the concept of social and economic transformation, then I approached the concept of transformation with other overlapping concepts such as emergent and systematic change, progress, evolution, and development.