تاريخ و أسباب ظهور الفرق الإسلامية : الخوارج و الشيعة 35-40 ه 656-661 م

الملخص EN

This study was titled The history and causes of the Islamic sects appearance (Kharijites and Shiites) 35AH - 40AH /656AD – 661 AD, This study aims to follow up the conditions and factors which led to the appearance of Islamic sects (Kharijites and Shiites) And to identify the reasons that prompted our master Ali to fight the Kharijites in Nahrawan, The study followed the historical method, the descriptive method, and the analytical method.

The study reached important findings, among them is that the emergence of the Shiites was a natural result of the emergence of the Kharijites and their fight against our master Ali bin AbiTalib, may God be pleased with him, The Kharijites and the Shiites dispersed into several sects and others branched out of them until the branches nearly reached ten branches of one sect, Dispersion was mainly associated with persons, not with the ideas they espousal and the focus of the dispute between them was either over the belief of the Kharijites in general or about “The Imamate” of the Shiites, and the hyperbole of the Kharijites pushed them to penance our master Ali bin AbiTalib, may God be pleased with him, and his martyrdom