نشأة مدن كلباء خورفكان دبا الفجيرة دبا الحصن و تطورها التاريخي

الملخص EN

Archaeological surveys and excavations have indicated evidence of the prosperity of the eastern coastal region.

The exploitation of Capper in Al Hajar Mountains was one of the key explanations for the construction of buildings during the second Millennium BC in Kalba, Khorfakkan, Dibba Al Fujairah and Dibba Al Hisn.

In recent historical periods, Europeans penetrated the region and took control of coastal urban centers, which led to the decline of urban centers.

According to Lorimer's estimate, a century ago, there were only about 2,000 houses in the entire area.

Traditional buildings were built of stones, mud and palm fronds.

However, the factor of political instability and frequent foreign invasion had a great impact on the lack of urbanization in the region during this period, as well as the spread of a primitive housing style that does not tolerate environmental conditions for long stages.

Ease of defense and protection played a major role in choosing the locations of the cities in their early stages, hence the idea of building towers and castles for the ancient inhabitants.

The morphology of the villages and cities has adapted to their location on the coast of the sea.

The political transformations in the region were reflected in urban growth, as it was characterized in the past by the predominance of the defensive urbanization style represented by castles and towers.

It can also be noted the prominent political role of cities such as Kalba and Khor Fakkan, the importance of the coastal centers in dominating the political decision.

The paper concluded by studying the meanings of the names of some urban centers, that most of the meanings of the names revolved around the connotations of the components of the natural environment such as plants and topographical features, such as Kalba, which goes back to the “Kalb” tree and its singular “Kliba” which is a superficial tree known for its dense thorns.

It was also noted that there are names that express the human response for protection, for instance “Al Sour” and names that reflect historical dimensions, such as “Al Muhallab.