الاحتياجات الإرشادية للمرأة الريفية في المشروعات الصغرى الداجنية

الملخص EN

The objective of the present research was to determine the extension needs for rural woman works in little projects of poultry production in Dalgamon village at Kafr- elziat distract- Gharbia governorate, more specifically, the objectives of the current study are to:
1- Recognize the social, economic, communicative psychological characteristics of respondents.

2- Identify knowledge level in poultry production.

3- Identify extension needs for the respondents.

4- Studying the correlations between the independent variables and knowledge level in the field of poultry production.

5- Studying the correlation between the independent variable and respondents the extension needs as dependent variable.

6- Screen the respondents problems according to their view points. 
The study comprises chapters one: introduce the research problem and the objectives, chapter two establishes a theoretical frame work and a review of literature by selecting the field of extension needs, chapter three sets forth and demonstrates the research methods, chapter four cites and discusses thematic and methodological conclusions of the study with emphasis on the findings related.

Questionnaire based on personal interview was designed and administered to random samples of 100 respondents which represent (20% ) of population at Dalgamon village at Kafr- elziat distract- Gharbia Governorate.

Frequency distribution average, standard deviation, simple correlation coefficient is used in analyzing the data in the study.

Statistical techniques are used, Summarized here, the main findings of the research:
First: the respondents, social, economic, communicative and psychological characterizes:
1- Age: the respondents age range (25-55) years with an average of (34) years, standard deviation (12) years, 52% percent between (25-35) years, 33% percent between (35-45) years, 15% percent between (45-55) years.

2- Education Degree of rural woman: around of 15% of respondents are alliterated 15% Literate, 11% complete primary school, 11% completed preparatory school, 23% completed secondary school, 25% of the total number of respondents have completed university education>
3- Education degree of husband of rural woman: around 18% of respondents illiterated, (16% ) literated, (6% ) completed primary school 10% completed preparatory school, (15% ) completed secondary school, (35% ) completed university education.

4- Experience in the field of poultry: the respondents experience in poultry production ranges from (1-35) years this first (3) categories, the first from (1-12) years, the second from (12-23) years, the third from (23yearsmore than), they represent (79% ), (12% ) and (9% ) of the total sample respectively.

5- Poultry passion: the number of poultry around (20-120) hen, this first (3) categories, the first from (20-53), the second from (53-86), the third from (86hen more than) they represent (79% ), (16% ) and (5% ) of the total sample respectively.

6-Total month income: the research results showed theta the majority of respondents (66% 0 fall into the category of low income, (27% ) fall into average income, and (7% ) fall into high income of the total sample respectively.

7-Sources of information: the research results showed that the majority of the respondents (79% ) used from (1-2) source, (37% ) used from (2-3) source, and (24% ) used from (3-4) source, of the total sample respectively.

8-Contact with agricultural extension: woman with little contacts from about (42% ), those with moderate contacts from (42% ) and woman with frequent contacts from (16% ) of the total number of interviewees.

9-Contact with veterinary service: woman with little contacts from about (44% ), those with moderate contacts represent (51% ) and woman with frequents from (5% ) of the total number of interviewees.

Second: (A) the level of knowledge of rural woman in poultry production the research results showed that rural woman has low level of knowledge from (27), (58% ) from majority of respondent, and (15% ) from high level of knowledge of the total of interviewees.

(B) the agricultural extension needs of the rural woman respondents: Results showed (27% ) of respondents fall in high needs, (58% ) fall in average needs, and (15% ) with low needs, of the total of interviewees.

Third: Factors correlation with the level of knowledge of rural woman's, Results pointed out that there is significant positive correlation between the respondents level knowledge of rural woman in poultry production as a dependent variable and the independent variables: age, experience in the field of poultry, poultry possession, total month income, source of information, contact with agricultural extension.

However, there is no clear significant correlation between the level knowledge as a dependent variable and the independents variables: Education of rural woman, degree education of thus band of rural woman and, veterinary service.

Fourth: Factors correlation with agricultural extension needs of rural woman an in poultry production: Results showed that there is a significant positive correlation between the respondents' agricultural extension needs in poultry production as dependent variable and the following variables: age, experience in the field of poultry, poultry possession, total month income, sources information, contact with agricultural extension.

However there no clear signification correlation between agricultural extension needs of rural woman an in poultry production.

As dependent variable and the independent variables degree education of rural woman, degree education husband of rural woman and veterinary services.

Fifth: The main problems that confront rural woman's according to their views: Results highlighted that at there are (14) problems hose relative importance run as follow:
1- lack of agricultural extension services mentioned by (40% ).

2- Marketing problems mentioned by (36% ).3-Lack of marketing services by (35% ), 4-expensive of production in puts mentioned by (33), 5-high prices of immunizations mentioned by (32), 6-high prices of medication mentioned by (32% ), 7-unavalability of certified poultry mentioned by (30% ), 8-problems getting loans mentioned by (29% ), 9-high interested loans mentioned by (29% ), 10-spreading of the poultry diseases mentioned by (29% ), 11-climate changed mentioned by (2.5% ), 12-lack of veterinary services mentioned by (24% 0, 13-problems of veterinary cure mentioned by (22% ), and 14- Prices decline as a result exploitation of large traders mentioned by (20% ) of the total of respondents.