دراسة تحليلية للأمن الغذائي العربي و إمكانيات تحقيقه

الملخص EN

Arab food security is considered an important component of Arab national security, because of the characteristics of the Arab world in terms of agricultural production, and this increases the opportunities for Arab integration.

In addition to the availability of agricultural and technical labor, and the existence of Arab financial surpluses that can be directed to investment in the agricultural sector, which greatly helps in strengthening Arab economic development programs The problem of the study is the inability of the Arab countries to provide food for their residents despite the availability of many agricultural resources in their countries.

Which leads to an increase in the size of the food gap.

Thus increasing the degree of dependence on the outside world for the provision of food.

The research used the descriptive and quantitative analysis method, where different statistical methods and methods were used.

The research aimed to study and analyze Arab food security and the possibilities of achieving it, in addition to identifying the prospects of joint Arab projects in the field of agriculture, the extent of the efficiency of exploitation of natural and human resources available to Arab countries to achieve food security, and an analytical view on the investment climate in Arab countries with comparative advantage.

The results obtained are summarized as follows : 1.

The most important countries producing vegetable and animal food commodities are represented in Egypt, Morocco, Sudan, Algeria and Syria, with rates estimated at 28%, 15.3%, 12.1%, 10.1% and 7.6% respectively during the study period (2000 - 2017).

2.

The most important Arab borrowing countries that have the ability to import from abroad are Algeria, Oman, Comoros, where the ratio of external public debt to GDP reached about 2.4%, 6.1%, and 19.8%, respectively, in 2016.

3.

The average value of the Arab food gap during the period (2000-2008) reached about 19.5 billion dollars, rose to about 34.9 billion dollars during the period (2009-2017), with an increase of about 79%.

4.

Sudan leads the Arab countries in terms of joint projects in the field of food security with a rate of about 35.7% of the total number of companies, followed by Syria with 10.7%.

5.

The lack of a noticeable improvement in the investment climate for some Arab countries, because the composite index value for the right single investment climate has not reached, reaching about 0.857