الزراعة الذكية مناخيا في مواجهة تأثير التغير المناخي على الأمن الغذائي المصري

الملخص EN

It is expected that Egypt would be one of the countries most affected by the consequences of climate change.

The problem with the research on the phenomenon of climatic changes, and its impact on the food security of most agricultural crops in Egypt, scenarios expected of these impacts by 2050, therefore aimed at search stand on these expected effects and how the adoption of methods of smart climate agriculture.

The most research results in the following: the growing amount of emissions of climate change in Egypt known as greenhouse gases during the period (1990- 2016) Average annual statistical moral reached about 3.55%, and the growing amount of greenhouse gas emissions of carbon dioxide at an annual rate of statistical moral reached about 3.89%, it was found that the energy sector in Egypt represents about 70.85% of the total carbon dioxide emissions, followed by the agriculture sector by about 12.63%, then comes third industry by about 8.4%, waste represents about 8.29% of the total carbon dioxide emissions in Egypt.

So, it was clear that the agriculture sector is the second largest source of carbon dioxide emissions, and that the average annual amount of carbon dioxide emissions from the agriculture sector in Egypt during this period amounted to 26.12 million tons’ equivalent, the decline in average annual statistical moral reached about 0.046%.

It was found that the annual average temperature in Egypt during the period (1960- 2016) amounted to about 22.71 degrees Celsius, unprotected shows an average annual statistical moral reached about 0.14%, and the average annual rate of heavy annual rainfall in Egypt during this period amounted to about 3.39 mm/ year, are used shows an average annual statistical moral reached about 0.29%, Examine the development of productivity and meanwhile the most important agricultural crops in Egypt during the period (1960- 2016) indicates to the betterment of wheat at an average annual growth rate of about 1.89%.

And decreasing under barley production about 0.971%.

Deploring the corn about 2.06%.

Deploring the atom high-b about 0.97%.

Deploring soybean about 2%.

Also, outstrip the sunflower about 0.23%.

And for paddy rice, above 1.5%, it is expected in 2050 to reach meanwhile productivity to about 4.145 tons per feddan of wheat, about 0.424 tons per feddan under barley production, about 5.412 tons per feddan atom corn, about 3.14 tons per feddan atom high-, about 3.14 tons per feddan soybean, about 0.98 tons per feddan Sunflower is also expected to arrive meanwhile productivity of rice to about 5.79 tons per feddan, it is expected that there will be a gap estimated at 18.4 million tons of wheat, and about $111.8 thousand tons of barley, about 15.78 million tons of maize, about 509.8 thousand tons of sorghum, about 2.27 million tons of soybean, about 61 thousand tons of sunflower, while there will be a surplus of rice is estimated at about 1.2 million tons in 2050.

Search recommends several recommendations, as follows: (1) Develop new types of agricultural crops with high productivity and high temperature is the circumstances prevailing under the climatic changes to reduce the effects of these changes.

(2) Activation of the role of agriculture in reducing its contribution to greenhouse gas emissions and climate change the application of better methods in land management.

(3) the development of a national plan to deal with the effects of climate change until 2050.