الوضع الحالي للصادرات المصرية من الخرشوف

الملخص EN

Artichoke is an important promising vegetable export.

The research problem is the decrease in the area cultivated with artichoke recently and the instability of fresh artichoke exports.

Achieved an increasing rate of growth during the two study periods estimated by about 0.2%, 1.1% for both, respectively.

The research aims to shed light on the possibilities of increasing Egyptian exports of artichoke, and the current and expected guiding role to achieve this.

The results of the research showed that the presence of an annual growth rate of the artichoke area in Egypt between the two periods (2013-2015) and (2016-2018) was estimated at 1.7%.

While the annual growth rate in artichoke production was estimated at -0.1%.

The results showed a decrease in both the area and production of artichoke globally between the two periods of the study .referred to earlier, where the growth rate of the area was estimated at around -0.6%, and it reached about -1.4% for production.

The results indicated that although Italy is the most important producer of artichoke worldwide, it has achieved a decrease growth rate for both the area and the production of artichoke.

On the contrary, the results of the research showed that the area and production of artichoke in Spain has achieved an increased rate of growth during the two study periods estimated by 0.2%, 1.1% for both, respectively.

It has been found from the research results that Egypt is the second most important producer of artichoke in the world in terms of the amount of production, which represents about 16.8%, 17.7% of the global production of artichoke during the study periods (2013-2015), (2016-2018).

In this context, the results showed an increase in the average productivity of an artichoke acre in Egypt over the average global productivity, as it was estimated at 8.7 tons / feddan, 8.1 tons / feddan during the two study periods, compared to global productivity, which was estimated at about 5 tons / feddan, 4.9 tons / feddan globally during The two study periods, respectively.

The research found that Egyptian exports of fresh artichoke achieved a decreasing growth rate between the two study periods estimated at -16.5%.

On the other hand, Egyptian exports of frozen artichoke tended to increase with an estimated growth rate of about 8.5% between the two study periods referred to earlier.

The results indicated that although Italy is the most important producer of artichoke worldwide, it has achieved a decreasing growth rate for both the area and the production of artichoke between the two study periods.

On the side, the results showed that the area and production of artichoke in Spain has achieved an increased rate of growth during the two study periods estimated by 0.2%, 1.1% for both, respectively.

Also,t he results showed that Italy is the most important of markets for the Egyptian exports of artichoke , as it absorbs about 77.5% of Egyptian exports of fresh artichoke, and about 31% of Egyptian exports of frozen artichoke during the second period of the study.

There is a possibility to increase Egyptian exports of frozen artichoke to both two markets Spain and France, especially in light of their achieving an increased rate of growth of their imports of frozen artichoke, estimated at about 6.3%, 2.1% for both markets, respectively, between the two study periods.

Artichoke accommodates about 18,000 workers, both men and women, which has a major impact on rural development.

However, this sector is characterized by primitive and random processing and planning.

As well as the inefficiency of the processing and packaging stations (Nawalat) .

Finally, The study is recommended the following: 1.

pay attention to the cultivation of artichoke and increase its area, given.

2.

More attention to artichoke post-harvest to improve its quality and increase its exports.

3.

The need to increase the extension services provided to the producers and manufacturers of this promising export crop.

4.

The need to pay attention to artichoke processing plants (Noualas), and pay attention to the apply health and food safety standards to increase the added value of artichoke exports.

• Carrying out detailed studies on the most important markets for imported artichoke, such as the Spain, France, Germany, Italy, and the UK market, to increase the market share of Egyptian exports to these markets, especially in light of the high growth rate of imported artichoke.