الموقف التنافسى للتمور المصرية في الأسواق الخارجية

الملخص EN

The research discuses the current and future situation for Egyptian dates competitiveness in foreign markets.

The problem of study was about, although Egyptian production of dates, is about one fifth of the world's production, Egyptian exports are not commensurate with production, where exports reached only about 1.7%.

The research aimed to: • estimate competitiveness indicators for Egyptian dates in foreign markets by studying moving Egyptian production of dates, the exported quantities and value.

• The relative comparative advantage and relative price of Egyptian exports of dates during the period (2014-2017).

• Estimating the market share and the market penetration rate for the Egyptian dates in the most important foreign markets.

• Study the most important economic changes that affect on external demand on Egyptian dates in the imported markets.

• Study Instability coefficient for Egyptian dates during the period (2014-2017).

The most important results were: • Morocco is the main market for the Egyptian dates, it imported about 46% from Egyptian dates, although Egyptian dates price is the highest it was about 2333$ per ton, while the lowest export price for dates is for Lebanon, which was about 1888 $ per ton .

• The study also found that the annual average of export efficiency was about 280%, which indicates that there is an export efficiency of Egyptian dates.

The apparent comparative advantage is greater than the one for that date, which has a demand in foreign markets • The export price for the Egyptian dates exceeds the local price by 282% Egyptian dates are highly accepted by the external consumer in the international markets.

The study also found a relative comparative advantage of Egyptian fresh dates exports within the Moroccan market to the UAE and Tunisia.

Egypt has no comparative advantage against Iraq's exports to the Moroccan market during the same period.

In the Indonesian market, there is a relative comparative advantage of Egyptian fresh dates exports compared with UAE and Tunisia.

Egypt has no comparative advantage against Iran's exports to the Indonesian market during the same period.

In the Malaysian market, Egypt has comparative advantage exports for dates in front of China, Iran and Tunisia during the same period, in order to increase the value of the index from the one, during the same period of study.

The study also found that the export price of Egyptian dates is higher than the price of the competing countries in the international markets, and consequently Egypt's competitiveness in foreign markets compared with those countries.

Egypt is the largest producer of dates in the world, the average total production of Egyptian dates is about 1295 thousand tons, about 19.2% of the world production during the period (2000-2017), representing one fifth of the world's production of dates The average market share of Egyptian dates during the study period (2013-2017) in the most important imported markets ranked in the following order: Indonesia, Morocco and Malaysia with a market share of 34.1%, 23.3% and 17.3% respectively.

The Egyptian penetration rate for the Moroccan market is very low was about 9% compared with other countries, where the penetration rate of Egyptian dates for the Indonesian and Malaysian markets are high during the study period (2013-2017) ), Due to the lack of production for Indonesia or Mali this means that Egypt has a high competitive advantage in the Indonesian market, the Malaysian market and the decline in the markets of Morocco due to the decrease in the capacity of the market for crop Morocco Egyptian dates due to the multiplicity of sources, the import.

The study suggested that: • Expansion of the cultivation of Egyptian palm trees, especially modern varieties in desert areas, valleys and in new reclaimed areas.

• Attention to the Moroccan market and work on the development of Egyptian exports of dates.