العوامل الخارجية المشكلة لسطح هضبة البطنان (التجوية و التعرية)‎ : دراسة في الجيومورفولوجيا التطبيقية

الملخص EN

The terrestrial shapes in Al-Batanan plateau are a reflection of the natural conditions inherited from the rainy period and the current climatic conditions.

The geomorphological processes are the force that has changed, and still plays an effective role on, the surface of the plateau.

The study showed that water and sedimentary erosion processes have a great impact on the morphology of the northern plateau.

These processes, in fact, led to the formation of multiple and disparate terrestrial shapes, some of which were inherited from the rainy era.

Among the results of the study of water erosion on the surface of the plateau, the volume of water erosion in the northeast of the study area reached 175 m / km² / year; in the northwest, it reached 80 m / km² / year, and in the center and south of the plateau, it reached 376 m / km² / year according to the levels of water erosion that Zachar had determined; the volume of water erosion is within a weak erosion category.

The gully erosion reached 8127 m³ / km² according to the Bergsma classification.

Very severe furrow erosion prevails over the northern plateau and it is not a product of the current climate, but a legacy of the Pleistocene era during the rainy periods.

As for the severity of water erosion according to the Forner equation, it reached in the northeast of the plateau 32º, its northwest 59º, and in the center and south of the plateau 13º, and these values ranged from weak to moderate erosion, and they differed from one place to another on the surface of the plateau according to the natural influences.

Among the results of the study of wind erosion on the study area, it reached, in the northeast of the plateau, 1417º, in its northwest 438º, and in the center and south of the plateau 10455º, which is the strongest and most influential, according to Chepil's classification that falls under a very high category.

These results are alarming indicators, if appropriate preventive measures are not taken into operation.

The wind erosion has a double effect on the formation of the surface of the plateau through the variation of the ground shapes, whether they are erosive or sedimentary.

It was also found through the study, despite the harsh climatic conditions and the ability of soils to erode on the surface of the plateau, but it is the right of the soil to search for the real factor behind unleashing the phenomenon of accelerated erosion, which allowed natural factors to exercise their inevitable power clearly and clearly.