تحليل سوسيولوجي للقيم المتغيرة في الريف المصري

الملخص EN

The culture of the rural community is not isolated from the culture of the whole society, because it is part of it.

therefore, rural culture requires-in order for it to last and continue-continuous contact with the collection of ideas that are emanating from outside it ; because the life of the village-mental, religious and moral-is not perfect, but it is always incomplete so that if we look at the village culture as simultaneous patterns, we cannot understand it through what is going on inside the minds of the villagers themselves.

hence the village must be explored through the interaction between our society and city centers.

the culture of the rural community has a tangible history that must be studied, and this history is not local but rather the history of a community.

the culture of the village is one of its local manifestations.

therefore, when studying the village, we must rely on history, sources and documents that may reveal the developments or events that this village was exposed to.

which is an integral part of a large society, with its own history and distinctive direction.

results : it is noted that Egyptian society has witnessed major changes in recent years, at the end of the twentieth century and the beginning of the twenty-first century.

the Egyptian countryside was greatly and clearly affected by these changes, especially in the economic field, and in the value and family structure, in addition to changes in the material aspect of rural culture, after the Egyptian countryside witnessed clear technical changes that affected the nature of rural life.

in the farmer's dwelling, agricultural work tools and agricultural mechanization, which led to saving a lot of the farmer's time and effort, so he now thinks about new things, is convinced of new ideas, and believes in new values that he was not familiar with.

it is noted that the basic values are the ones around which the life of the traditional rural community revolves, and that deviating from them is considered a direct threat to the group's entity, and then this type is binding on all members of society.

the basic values revolve around the land and the children.

the land has a great value because it is the "source of life" and working on it is the first activity and the supreme general value.

therefore, the status of the family is measured by the amount of land it owns and the amount of work that is expended on it.

as for the boys, they represent both productive capacity and social power.

for this reason, the value of the “fertile” woman who gives birth to males is higher than that of females.

in addition, the value of "religion" was the highest value in the characteristics of the wife with whom the head of the family was associated, as the adjective "religiosity and piety" was the first desirable characteristic, followed by "the origin".

in modern society, recent societal changes have taken place that have led to a change in the view of the rural man to some extent about his connection to the land and made him care about educating his children.

value changes have also occurred that made him adopt the new methods and modern technological means.

the rural man now carries a mobile phone with him and may go to the field sometimes with his car, and uses modern technological methods in harvesting and other agricultural operations.

that is, agricultural work no longer represents the same position it occupied during previous periods.

the change came in large part as a result of the problems related to the conditions of agricultural work and the current conditions in the Egyptian village and to the spread of education in addition to the factor of external migration.

since 1952 until now, many changes years, at the end of the twentieth century and the beginning of the twenty-first century.

the Egyptian countryside was greatly and clearly affected by these changes, especially in the economic field, and in the value and family structure, in addition to changes in the material aspect of rural culture, after the Egyptian countryside witnessed clear technical changes that affected the nature of rural life.

in the farmer's dwelling, agricultural work tools and agricultural mechanization, which led to saving a lot of the farmer's time and effort, so he now thinks about new things, is convinced of new ideas, and believes in new values that he was not familiar with.

it is noted that the basic values are the ones around which the life of the traditional rural community revolves, and that deviating from them is considered a direct threat to the group's entity, and then this type is binding on all members of society.

the basic values revolve around the land and the children.

the land has a great value because it is the "source of life" and working on it is the first activity and the supreme general value.

therefore, the status of the family is measured by the amount of land it owns and the amount of work that is expended on it.

as for the boys, they represent both productive capacity and social power.

for this reason, the value of the “fertile” woman who gives birth to males is higher than that of females.

in addition, the value of "religion" was the highest value in the characteristics of the wife with whom the head of the family was associated, as the adjective "religiosity and piety" was the first desirable characteristic, followed by "the origin".

in modern society, recent societal changes have taken place that have led to a change in the view of the rural man to some extent about his connection to the land and made him care about educating his children.

value changes have also occurred that made him adopt the new methods and modern technological means.

the rural man now carries a mobile phone with him and may go to the field sometimes with his car, and uses modern technological methods in harvesting and other agricultural operations.

that is, agricultural work no longer represents the same position it occupied during previous periods.

the change came in large part as a result of the problems related to the conditions of agricultural work and the current conditions in the Egyptian village and to the spread of education in addition to the factor of external migration.

since 1952 until now, many changes have taken place in the social and economic status of women, and there are important variables that should be taken into account, namely, that most of the features of change have affected urban women more than rural women, and women of the upper and middle class more than the lower class.

therefore, the phenomenon of social change in rural communities drew the attention of researchers.

we find that some of them devote complete studies to social change, while some deal with the phenomenon of change implicitly.

a great controversy has been raised in this field of studies about the causes and nature of this change.

while we find that the majority of researchers attribute the change in the rural community to the wide and deep connections that have become linking the village with the city, or with nearby urban centers, we find others see that the factors of change are mainly internal factors, and that the external factors are only auxiliary or accelerating factors.