دور التصوير القياسي في رقمنة و نمذجة التراث الأثري المغمور في الوسط المائي

الملخص EN

Photogrammetry is one of the most important technique that has pushed the wheel of development and progress in archaeological research, coinciding the fast development of high-resolution camera and computer programs that have enabled the translation of data from high-quality digital images and laser scanning device data into digital material, the archaeological researcher re-examines previous research and prepares for new studies, it also made it possible to provide digital and physical archaeological archives copied in the form of solid 3 D models, where the continental material heritage has a good share of the application of this technology to it, it has recently witnessed a group of modern archaeological research that enabled the material archaeological heritage to be part of the economies of countries and an economic resource by integrating it into the daily life of peoples, and it provides a new type of virtual tourism by making antiquities a raw material of the virtual reality, but the underwater archaeological heritage has a special feature and exceptional study and research conditions that differ from the continental one.

the tonnages of sea ships throughout history carry what was mentioned in the port’s records and historical texts as priceless treasures in the depths of the seas and oceans due to wars and hurricanes, therefore, underwater archaeological has become a specialty that attracts many archaeologists and researchers, and has huge budgets and highly qualified human capabilities.

archaeologists specializing in the water medium had used photogrammetry to digitize and model it, as it may be difficult to extract ships because of the great depth of the wreck sites or its high cost.

so, has standard photography achieved what it has achieved in the continental environment, and what are the methods and means used to achieve this?