القيم الحضارية لمعارك صلاح الدين الأيوبي : معركة حطين و فتح بيت المقدس-أنموذجا

الملخص EN

The research aims to shed light on the civilized values and what it carries from the meanings of humanity and good manners which emerged as positions in Salah al -Din's wars -- the battle of Hattin and the conquering of Jerusalem—for the importance of this event and the distinctive positions that emerged from it.

Perhaps, presenting views of the west historian of assessing Salah al-Din's humanitarian and leadership personality is one of the most important objectives of the research and its data.

The research is divided into introduction and two main sections.

The introduction includes the definition of the civilized values in the Islamic concept, and clarifying some of those values and the characteristics and its elements according to the theories of a number of pioneers of Islamic thought.

Concerning the first section, it deals with the events of the battle of Hattin and its diplomatic steps in the ceasefire, and then strengthening the military front and creating the appropriate conditions for the implementation of his military plan which resulted in the desired results and honoring the prisoners of the crusader leaders.

Whereas the second section is covered with the steps of conquering Jerusalem and leader's participation in conquering it; then, negotiating and granting safety and meanings of humanity were manifested in it by specifying the modest ransom and exempting many of them, as well as the aspects of tolerance in the release of knight's and king's wives in an honorable way.

Then, allowing the Christians of Jerusalem to settle and the returning of its Jews, maintaining the Alqiama church, and the kindness of Salah al-Din to the French of Jerusalem and giving them what they need and protecting them until they leave and return to their countries