قصاب ماردة، الحمراء، أوداية خلال العصر الوسيط : دراسة تاريخية أثرية

الملخص EN

The citadels stand as one of the most important features of Islamic architecture.

however, the historical contexts of its origin and architecture have varied between population expansion, military purposes or demographic impact of the surroundings between Muslims and others.

its architectural character carries lots of connotations, like the rigidity of construction and its grandeur to the artistic sense and local touch.

thus, we endeavoured to bring to light examples of the citadels of the Maghreb and Andalusia, all the way through relying on historical rooting, as these citadels were built in special historical circumstances, as the historical sources have referred to them in the confrontation and confrontation aspects, or even talking about economic or social life, as they express in all cases human activities with all their civilized connotations.

we have been dealing with the archaeological aspect by shedding light on its architecture and the building features that had been carried by the same.