مشيرات الإحالة و أثرها في الترابط النصي : كتاب غرر الحكم و درر الكلم أنموذجا

الملخص EN

It is considered one of the best linguistic approaches that dealt with the text, it looks at the links that arrange the text and verify its text ; by reaching the process of communication within the text.

textual consistency and harmony is proved by a category of tools and means, the most important of which is the "referral" of its tribal types (previous), dimensional (later), internal (textual), and external referral (imitative), so the referral was searched in the texts of the book marked "Gharr al-Hakam and word rotation for the deceased AMDI, approximately 550 AH, so thirty wisdoms were selected from its texts distributed over three sections so that the numbers are equal in them, namely pronouns, sign names and the connected name, and it requires the reader reflect on its referential structure, the extent to which its referential elements are available in the text of the book that is supposed to be present, and in which text is characterized by textual coherence or coherence.

the book "Gharrar al- Hakam and Darr al-Kalam" was devoted to the reference in the sayings of imam Ali, i.e., by applying them to the sayings mentioned by imam a in the tagged book ; and to what extent do the referral tools contribute and are they consistent with the honorable sayings of imam a he relied on the descriptive, analytical and statistical approach, and we used random selection in the selection of texts because of their ideological, social, political and moral impact.

one of the most important findings of the research is that the referral has a prominent role in understanding the book "the temptation of judgment and the word", approaching its text and realizing the strong emotion and precious human experience in it.

this was manifested in the proportions of pronouns and hyphenated nouns (63.85%) .(sign nouns (20.48%).

and the names linked by (15.66%).