التعاقد السياسي بين الحاكم و المحكومين من منظور الفكر السياسي الغربي و الإسلامي

الملخص EN

This article attempts to answer a fundamental problem about the existence of uniform mechanisms that frame the political contracting process between the governor and the governed from the perspective of western and Islamic political thought, and concludes that there is unified agreement in western political thought on the mechanisms of political contracting, so that contracting with the governor is subject to the free choice and the general will of the people, it is framed by a clear political contract, which restricts the major powers of the state, including that of the governor.

and determines how he is elected, how long he is governed and the obligation to rotate power peacefully, and there is agreement to recognize the separation of powers so that they may not be invoked by the governor.

as for political contracting in Islam, most of the nation's predecessors agreed that the legitimate method of selecting the governor/imam is to choose freely by Albaia framed by the principle of shura, and to accept as an exception the authority of the imam who reaches power by force and domination, to avoid discord and preserve the unity of the nation.

the establishment of the caliphate and the choice of imam is a legitimate duty of Muslims, because in its history the nation has known the establishment of a political contract based on the Albaia of free choice and the application of the shura under the prophet of Allah and under the reign of the following adult successors.