الأوضاع العامة في إقليم خراسان قبيل الفتح الإسلامي

الملخص EN

Research Title : General Conditions in the Province of Khorasan before the Islamic Conquest.

Research Significance : The study of the general conditions in the province of Khorasan prior to the Islamic conquest is of great importance.

As Khorasan was the heart of the Sasanian state and the source of its wealth, and during the era of the Arab Islamic state, Khorasan became the sixth region of the regions under the domination of Islam.

Research Objectives.

1-To know the origin of the name, Khorasan, its important strategic location, its borders, and the vast area of agricultural lands rich in its fertile soil.

Khorasan is also distinguished by the sweetness of its water, the mildness of its climate and the goodness of its air.

Therefore, Khorasan is famous for its abundance of bounties and the diversity administrative divisions during the era of the Sasanian state The third chapter deals with the study of the origins and languages of the people of Khorasan, and the nature of the religions and beliefs that were prevalent in Khorasan and embraced by its inhabitants before they converted into the true religion of Islam.

Finally, the conclusion, which contains the most important findings of the research.

research:.

the most important findings of the research:.

1- Khorasan was in the north-east of Persia, but the countrymen were unable to define the borders of Khorasan accurately, and in general the narrations defined the borders of Khorasan from the east at the Jihon River as a boundary separating it from the country that meets it on the other bank of the river, while others went to include the land beyond the River to be in Khorasan Province.

2- The climate of Khorasan is moderate and the air is pleasant.

It is not a region of extreme heat or extreme cold, except for Bamiyan, as it is the coldest and snowiest place in Khorasan.

Khorasan is described as having pleasant air, sweet water and healthy soi 3- The province of Khorasan was divided into kur (plural kurah), which is a purely administrative division, and the head of the kurra stood at the head of the kurra, and the kurrah was divided into villages headed by the village chief.

And at the head of the Khorasan corps was an official whom the Persians called Osbadh Khurasan.

4- Khorasan was inhabited by the Pashtuns, who are the majority, the Baluchis, and the Persians, with the presence of the Turks in the north, and the region beyond the river remained known as the land of the Turks as its inhabitants.

Those who resided near Khorasan were called the Invading Turks, those who dwelled in Farghanaa were called Kharkhalia Turks, and those of Saghd land were called Saghduon Turks.

5- Khorasan did not know the true religion, and the heavenly religions that preceded the advent of Islam did not spread among them except to a limited extent.

Most of them were on the Magi, and the people of Khorasan were famous for their tendency to worship the manifestations of nature.