النهج القسري للدولة الموحدية اتجاه أهل الذمة : دراسة نقدية لزؤى ماريبل فييرو

الملخص EN

The contemporary Spanish Arabist Maribel Fierro is one of the most prominent researchers in the history of the Islamic West and everything related to its various aspects.

Characteristics of writing the history of the Islamic West; From violence in Islamic societies to violence against women and others, even the phrase “a land without Jews or Christians” is one of its phrases that is almost repeated in her research on the same context, and that is why she strongly defended the people of dhimmis from Jews and Christians, and fiercely fanatic against the monotheists (541-668 A.H / 1121-1269 A.D( The research section entitled (The Coercive Approach of the Almohad State towards the dhimmis “A Critical Study of the Visions of Maribel Fierro”) into six points, according to what was mentioned in the contexts of Arabized research and work to verify them with a marriage between the Orientalist vision in general and the vision of Arab researchers in the history of the Almohad state and their position on The first relates to the procedures of the Unitarians to the people of the dhimmis and the justification of this policy, both to serve its text.

The second point was about the eschatological beliefs and Maribel's attempt to accuse the Mahdist of "abolition" of all religions.

The third talks about Maribel's attempt to find monotheistic-Ismaili/Fatimid influences (297-567 A.H).

/909-1171 A.D) and therefore Shiite, while in the fourth point I discussed the impact of faith on sonship with what the visions of Ibn Hazm (d.

456 A.H / 1064 A.D) played a role in the belief of the monotheists and even their politics.

As for the fifth point, Maribel attributed the actions of Ibn Tumart (d.: 524 A.H / 1129 A.D) ) to the latter’s attempt to imitate him and the biography of the Prophet Muhammad, may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family, to the extent that it accused the Prophet of banning any religion in the Hijaz other than Islam, and it is one of the fallacies that occurred or deliberately ignored it.

As for the sixth last point, it is Conjectural in which I tried to impose the interpretation of al-Tabari (d.: 310 A.H / 923 A.D) of the text of the tribute contained in the Holy Qur'an and the attempt of the monotheists to apply it based on what the Arabists believe.