الأختام الأسطوانية و أهميتها في التأريخ لحضارة بلاد الرافدين

الملخص EN

Cylinder seals represent great importance as one of the most important artistic material remnants, which contribute to the historiography of the Mesopotamian civilization.

they are one of the most important archaeological sources for studying the history of this civilization, which can be traced its origin, development and spread through successive historical stages, and spread even in most regions of the ancient east.

these seals were invented with the development of life at the end of the fourth millennium BC.

it was closely associated with the economic development that took place during this era, and represented the real evidence in the knowledge of the historical epochs of Mesopotamia.

from the very beginning of its invention, the use of a seal was intended to express the ownership of the sealed object, express the identity of its owner and carry the legally binding status before the courts.

the seals were distinguished by the multiplicity of their themes and the diversity of their values, which express the intellectual transformations and cultural developments that the civilization of Mesopotamia has undergone throughout its long history.