دراسة التقنيات الفوتوغرافية التقليدية و أثرها على إنتاج الفوتوغرافيا السريالية

الملخص EN

Photography has provided many abilities for artistic expression, plastic artists are the first who use photography as a mean to express their artistic visions thus, photography had a great impact on the plastic arts, and photography merged with plastic arts, one of the most important of these artistic movements that were affected by photography is surrealism, which tends to release the imagination and liberation from reality and mind control, and dependence on things that are supernatural and beyond the limits of the mind thus, photography became an ideal medium used by the pioneers of the surrealism to produce photographic surrealism where the image can make fantasy and reality as one thing because of the many traditional techniques it was able to provide.

the research problem is that how did traditional photography techniques contribute to the production of photographic surrealism ? and the main objective of this research is to study those traditional techniques used to produce photographic surrealism, whether the techniques that can be implemented during photography process, or the techniques that can be implemented during development processes, or the techniques that can be implemented during printing and enlarging processes rather, the artist was sometimes able to combine more than one technique in the same artwork to express his feelings, the most important techniques used by the pioneers of photographic surrealism is the straight photographic technique, collage technique, collage with painting technique, photogram technique, combination printing technique, double exposure technique, burning technique, light writing technique, Solarization technique (Sabatier effect) and distortion technique, the significance of the research is the necessity of making the photography students know the traditional techniques used by the pioneers of photographic surrealism, the researcher followed the analytical descriptive approach to study those traditional techniques used by the pioneers of the surrealist movement to produce photographic surrealism, one of the most important results of the research is the photographer's understanding of the traditional techniques used to produce photographic surrealism, which helped in the enrichment of surrealist art and also focusing on in the most important artworks in which the pioneers of photographic surrealism create.