حملتا ألفونسو العاشر الصليبية على شمال إفريقيا سنة 658ه ١٢٦٠م

الملخص EN

The study dealt with the alfonso-x campaigns of the kingdom of castile and the crusader leon in the 7th hijri/ 13th century, which aimed to transport the crusades from the iberian peninsula to north africa and were supported by the catholic papacy in rome, and encouraged by the kings of europe.

ever since alfonso x crowned king seeking political alliances and military settings in a real attempt to succeed this crusades project, he has set up a warship house in seville, asked for the help of the king of norway, and of england, and linked these relations with the court of the kingdom of castilian.

he offered commercial privileges to genoa, venice, marseille and others to gain the merchant fleet in his crusades, and he exempted all the knights participating in the campaign inside his country from taxes and debts, as well as offering the parish instruments to all those who participated or helped.

al-founso x also made alliances with the rulers of some islamic monarchies in andalusia to ensure their loyalty, to keep them free, and after training and arrangement, the first campaign, despite its arrival at sala hole and destruction of the city, did not achieve its expansionist aims, nor was it the beginning of the transfer of crusades to north africa.

in north africa, leni marin had a role to play in imposing a blockade on campaign personnel inside the country, leading them to flee under the cover of darkness after the destruction of the city, and capturing the families of a group of its inhabitants and the theft of many of its blessings.

the second crusade failed in its cradle and before it was launched because of the madinat al-andalus revolts, as well as a revolt within the court of the castilian kingdom against the 10th alfonso, led by his son sancho and other senior princes, which fractured the royal house and dispersed his speech.

the ambitions of the kingdom of castile crusade ended without making gains on the ground.