خروج الملك عبدالعزيز برفقة أسرته من نجد وأثره في صقل موهبته السياسية والعسكرية 1308-1319 ه 1891-1902 م

الملخص EN

Thanks to God, the Lord of All Worlds and Peace be Upon the most Honest of All Prophets and Messangers.

The late period of the second Saudi state witnessed strives and internal disorders represented in the conflict that broke out between Abdullah and Saud , sons of Imam Faisal bin Turki after the death of their father in 1282 AH / 1865 AD, where’ they had sequential wars that weakened the state authority and limited its pillars , this political and military conflict in the family led to the appearance of political powers were waiting the opportunity impatiently to impose their control on Najd like the Ottoman Empire and the principality of Al Rashed in Hael, which was expanded at the expense of the Second Saudi State.

So, this research took this period that King Abdul Aziz was born in and its impact in his bringing up whereas conflicts and splits within the family that led to the weakness of the the Second Saudi State and consequently its end, one of the results of this that king Abdul Aziz had to go out with his father and family from Najd Area moving in the deserts seeking for refuge for themselves, this period was of a great benefit for him as helped greatly in shaping and forming his his political and military talent, as he, in this period from 1308-1319 AH/1891- 1902AD, played a lot of political and military roles and carried his father’s message to the several embassies, leaders and rulers to find a refuge to his family, and this influenced his character and tested his mental powers and talents.

In this period also he had a lot of difficult experiences and inspite of great pains that accompanied these experiences still they were considered from the springs that influenced his bringing up and forming his strong personality, as he moving with his family in the deserts and suffered with them the difficulty of living, this trained him on hard life and patience in dealing with hardships and vagaries of time and natures of people, and also he saw and dealt with the disputes and conflicts of the tribes in the deserts he moved in and knew well the cruelty of desert life and he learned their old traditions and customs in pastures affairs and sources of water and entertainment habits, all this participated in his great skill in dealing with the Bedouin people and so he won their support in the future.

In spite of all skills and experiences in this period but the period that he spent in Kuwait represented an extremely important period as his political thought was completed and gained a lot of political experiences as a result of many factors shared in that, the most important factor was his special relationship with Kuwait ruler Shaik Mubarak Alabbah, attending his sittings and meeting a lot of delegations of many of great international countries that were competing to get political and economic privileges in Kuwait.

He witnessed the international policy and had benefit from the dealing of Shaik Mubarak with these delegations, so his political concepts well-formed and his experienced were completely built up.

The stage of getting out of king Abdu Aziz and his family from Najd Area till his return to it was a kind of political and military school where King Abdul Aziz learned all things, then he began to apply what he won and knew of experiences participated greatly in serving his way in unification the countries after his restoration in Riyadh in 1319AH / 1902 AD.