الشعوب الأصلية : مقاربة نقدية

الملخص EN

Starting with the issue of the status of aboriginal peoples in International legislations, the author reviews the evolution of the conccpt in these texts of international instruments.

He bases his review on two wain factors : the first is historical and the second is thematic.

The historical factor enables a classification which establishes a distinction between three generations : 1- The generation of political and Civil Rights during the 18 th and 19th centuries.

2 - The generation of economic, social and cultural rights coinciding with the 20th centrury.

3 - The more recent generation of the right to solidarity.

It follows that the State or States is /are the centre of the international legislative discourse.

The 2nd factor establishes a classification which brings out four major themes : 1 - General Pacts 2 - Specific Pacts (related to certain rights and how they arc violated.e.g.

the violation of the right to information or the right to privacy etc..

3 - Pacts covering the protection of certain ethnic groups or aboriginal peoples.

4 - Pacts covering all forms of racial, cthnic, and social discrimination regarding the right to employment.

The author has also attempted to demonstrate the foundation of the conccpt "Aboriginal Peoples" in modern Western thought.

He concludes that the metaphor "Aboriginal Peoples" as an expression of the dualities - Trunk/branches -Pure/artificial - Primary/secondary and the attempt to apply them tothe constituents of the Moroccan society is a form of ideological extrapolation.This tendency to wards ethnic cleansing and the erasure of civilizations and cultures as well as languages such as the so-called purification of Arabic from the influence of the Berber language (Amazigh) have proved unattainable because the duality remains indivisible.