الطبع و الصنعة معيارا نقديا في النقد القديم عند العرب

الملخص EN

This research treats the creative talent in literary criticism, among the Arabs, and it includes the literary esthetic devices and or instruments which exist in "the natural" poetry as well as "the created/made" poetry.

As for "the natural" poetry it is built on the nature and or the talented inborn character- of the poet- that is represented in the poetry of the well known prominent poet "Albohtery" and those who follow his line and style.

On the other hand, the created or the made up poetry is established on the manufacturing and the exaggeration, such poetry is found in the poems of "Abotamam" and those who follow his line and style.

In the light of that a sort of belief in the sight of critics is firmly established that poetry is of two kinds: A natural kind that is due to the natural gift and another kind which is the product of exaggerated effort-in terms of its composition.

The talents of poetry differs among poets (the natural and or the talented inborn poets and poets who compose poetry with difficulty- by using learned tools) and this becomes clear in their treatment of "the poetic aims/topics." Some of them, its easy for them to praise others (panegyric poetry) while its difficult for them to compose "defamatory" poems, and some poets find it easy to compose elegies (dirge poems) and its difficult for them to compose love poems.

In short, the inborn talent is considered as the foundation of composition force of any talented person be it in poetry or in prose; otherwise the talent is going to be dispelled.