تأثير الفسفور في تحسين الحاصل و مكوناته في اللوبياء المنتخبة بخلية النحل

الملخص EN

The aim of this experiment was to study the effect of phosphorous fertilizer on the yield and its components of two cowpea varieties selected by honeycomb selection.

A field trial was conducted at farm of college of agriculture, university of Baghdad in three seasons.

Randomized completely block design with factorial arrangement was used.

The honeycomb selection was effective, positive by increasing pod length about 12 , 9.6%, number of seeds per pod 14.5 , 12%, number of pods per plant 57.3 , 32% , seed yield per plant 37.4 , 3.9% in two varieties bonanza and bayader respectively.

The selection response was low positive in 100 seeds weight not more 3.9% but was negative reached to -5.8% in bayader as a result of compensation among yield components.

Increasing p-fertilization rates from 50 to 100kg p/ha caused significant difference in all traits studied such as seed yield from 122.5 to 140.3g/plant, 100 seeds weight from 17.57 to 18.7g .There were significant interaction between p-fertilization and genotypes in all traits studied .The bonanza variety gave highest seed yield reached to 154.7g/plant at 100kg/ha.

The yield and its components are considered quantitative characters; therefore they are controlled by huge numbers of gene pairs with minor effects.

The values of heritability in narrow scene were medium about 46 , 42% , 47 , 42% , 42 , 56% in seed yield ,number of pods per plant , number of seeds per plant in two varieties bonanza and bayader respectively except in 100 weight gave a highest value reached to 84 , 89% in two varieties bonanza and bayader respectively.

From all above it was concluded that honeycomb selection and two p-fertilization rates were effective to increase seed yield and its components.

This will help of developing cowpea varieties with high yielding ability .

We recommend the selection must be continued in order to increase the additive gene action particularly for the components of yield as indirect approach to improve seed yield.