المجلس التشريعي الثاني و تناقص دوره في النظم المعاصرة : دراسة مقارنة

الملخص EN

In this research I tackled about a comparative study, the legislative authority which is the Parliament in modern political regimes, and focused on the second legislative council in countries that apply this system, whether they are simple or federal countries .

It was noticed that duality of the legislative authority is unjustified in simple democratic countries, but in federal countries it is very essential, because such countries are composed from several states that do not wish to fully emerge with the federal authority, and prefer to keep some independency in certain aspects, and these aspects are represented in a second legislative council.

After analysing several practices in this field, it was noticed that the second legislative council started to lose its importance in both federal and simple countries, this result was concluded after studying the practices in the United Kingdom , France, Canada, Australia, and some other Arabic countries such us Jordan and Egypt.

The research was divided into three chapters.

In the first chapter the system of two legislative councils in simple and feaeral countries was defined.

In the second chapter an explanation with examples was given to the reduction of the second legislative council's role in several countries.

In the third chapter .he new trend in modern political systems which aims to cancel the second legislative council was explained.

The reason behind such a trend manifested in the power of the central authority, and the structure of the second legislative council can not stand against the influence of the central authority.

It was noticed that several Scandinavian countries started taking measures to cancel the second legislative authority .

Finally the results of the research were illustrated and several recommendations were put, which focused on the importance to cancel the second legislative council in developing countries with the reasons that justify such recommendations.