تخطيط المناطق السكنية الجديدة في الضاحية الغربية لمدينة المكلا : منطقة فوه-دراسة حالة

الملخص EN

Mukalla, the capital city of Hadhramout Governorate, in Yemen, was affected, since the end of the nineteenth century by several changes on political and economical facets, which reflected itself on all aspects of life.

One of the important domains which included the changes was, perhaps, the urban growth that took place in the whole city, where a new residential area expanded and appeared in the suburbs.

The city waded since originated her in many attempts of developmental growth beginning by the traditional growth, then the organized plan – which began in the period of the Alqai'ty Sultanate that ruled the city between (1882-1967) .

The rulers in that time were influenced by comparable planning in Indian peninsula (which was under the British colonization), and persuaded from the British and Indian advisers.

That has resulted into the use of simple grid planning with poor design criteria, causing positive reflection on the residential environment and its inhabitants later.

In the period after independence in 1967 - around one and a half decade -, the city didn’t become any interest.

In the beginning of the eighties, an Arab Planning office was trusted to make a complete preparation of a general plan for the city.

The goal of the scheme was to study and imagine the future status of the old and new residential areas of the city, during the coming thirty years (1981-2011) The planning scheme defined the residential districts and service zones, including schools, mosques and health facilities, in addition to commercial, administrative and recreational services tied with roads network.

Despite the completion of the planning in the year 1982, and its guiding examples for units and neighborhoods and demographical density, became the city of Mukalla detailed planning first in the eighties (1988-1989) - after passing of six years.

The detailed planning was made in the Ministry of Construction where was established in Aden under the leading of Russian experts.

The planning was limited and concentrated on the center of the western suburb (the new city of Fowa).

In the nineties of the last century, another detailed planning was followed for the remaining parts of the western districts, neglecting the assessment of basic data due to changes occurred in the population, density, as well as the overspread of illegal round housing around the old city centers.

This paper intends to study and analyze the general plan of the western suburb of the city of Mukalla and its residential areas in order to evaluate its results and make recommendations to develop the process of planning for residential areas in the suburbs of the Yemeni cities.