تقدير بعض المعالم الوراثية بطريقة سلاسة x فاحص لتراكيب من الذرة الصفراء

الملخص EN

To estimate hybrid vigour ,general and specific combining abilitiy and gene action in maize (Zea mays L.),an experiment was conducted in two seasons in 2010 .In the spring season ,three males;IPA5012, Bohoth 106 and Zp607 were crossed on lines of Zm19R,HS ,Zm51w,Zm43w and Zm7 by line x tester method .In fall season ,the 15 crosses along with their parents were included in a randomized complete block design with three replicates .The cross Zm7 x Zp607 was early maturing and gave higher ears/plant ,while the crosses HS x Bohoth 106 gave higher ear height and higher ear/plant , Zm 43 x Bohoth106 gave higher ear height , Zm51w x IPA 5012 gave higher leaf area and Zm43w x Zp607 gave heavier grain weight.

However, the cross Zm19R X IPA 5012 gave higher plant grain yield (219.75g).All crosses out yielded their parents in ear length, grain weight and plant grain yield .The cross Zm43 w x Zp607 showed hybrid vigour of 42.9% for plant leaf area .The lowest negative hybrid vigour was for ear height with Zm19R x Bohoth 106 .Whereas ,the highest hybrid vigour for grain yield was 21.8 % in the cross Zm19R x Zp607 .Higher specific combining ability was with Zm19R x IPA 5012 .Additive gene action was the most affecting on traits of leaf area , components of yield and plant grain yield .

This implies that a selection program on there genetic materials will be effective to improve ther mentioned traits.