الإكثار الدقيق لأربعة أصناف من نخيل التمر النادرة Phoenix dactylifera L. عن طريق حث الأفرع الخضرية

الملخص EN

The present study was conducted in The Laboratory of Plant Tissue Culture at The Palms and Dates Research Center, University of Basrah, through 2004-2007to micro propagate some rare cultivars of date palm “Phoenix dactylifera L.” grown in Basrah Governorate by adventition bud induction.

Organogenesis and formation of adventitious organs were obtained from primary callus cultured on MS media supplemented with one or both of low auxins level (IAA and NAA) and with the addition of relatively high levels of 2iP 3mg / l.

The increase in the percentage of primary callus initiating adventitious buds was coincided with the increase in auxin concentration from 0.5 to 1.5 mg / l but differences between treatments were not significant.

However, the concentrations of 2iP stimulated primary callus to produce organogenesis with the percentage of response being significantly higher at 3 mg / l 2iP (29.99 %) as compared to the other treatments including the control treatment (0 %).

The MS media with 1 mg / l NAA and 4 mg / l 2iP gave the highest rate of bud multiplication which reached to(11.4)buds as compared to other treatments including the control treatment (2.6) buds.

Sheraify cultivar produced the highest rate for adventitious buds formation (16) buds whereas Khsab cultivar gave (8.8) buds.

Supplementation of GA3 at 0.5 mg / l and NAA at 0.1 mg / l to the MS medium stimulated elongation of plantlets with wide leaves.

The MS media containing 1 mg / l NAA and supplemented with 1 gm / l activated charcoal increased the rooting percentage significantly in comparison to other treatments, whereas MS media containing NAA at 0.0 mg / l and 0.1 mg / l but without activated charcoal showed low responses to rooting percentage.

Plantlets of Sheraify cultivar cultured on MS media containing 0.5 mg / l NAA plus 1 gm / l activated charcoal gave the highest rate of roots numbers and roots lengths.

The growing media consisting of perlite and peat moss in 1:2 mixture gave the highest percentage of plants adopted for in vivo climate.