التغيير في الشرق الأوسط بين الإرادة الشعبية و التأثير الخارجي : مصر أنموذجا

الملخص EN

This study attempted to shed light upon the process of change of the ruling political regimes in the Middle East during the year 2011, particularly in Egypt, in the light of the basic political and social forces participating in this process.

it became clear through the study a degree of external influence upon the early stages of it, which raises a number of perceptions about the size and role of this factor in achieving change, parallel to the roll of the popular will and its pioneering powers, led to serious results in shaping the present and future prospects as follow: ! 1- An idea which adopts the role of the popular will in the process of starting and ending the change, and the marginal impact of external factors depending upon the huge participants in this change.

2- An idea which adopts the impact of the external factors in creating, leading and following-up the process of change.

This belief can be divided into two parts: A- The first part adopts the idea that external factors are responsible of leading the process of change from its beginning to its end as a result of the early existence of plans and visions concerning the area and that people's participation, despite its capacity, was only emotional and spontaneous lacking the planning, preparation, management and organization.

B- An idea which adopts the idea that the People will has a high role in starting the process of change .but this popular movement faced the reaction of external factors and their sleeping cells prepared for the unexpected conditions.

The Palestinian cause is, no doubt, influenced largely by the changing of circumstances in our region which is a result for the organic interrelationship between the fate of its peoples and the mutual geopolitical effects.

So the many initial, positive and promising manifestations which this cause faced create a great hope of achievements on this field.