منهج البحث الفلسفي عند الشهيد السيد محمد باقر الصدر (رض)‎

الملخص EN

This paper discusses the philosophical approach of martyr Seyyed Mohammad Baqir al Sadr, as one of his philosophical creativity, and a tool by which he criticized Western Philosophical schools that are standing against the concept of belief in Islam.

The researcher gave a brief introduction about the development of the methodology in the Greek, Muslim, modern and contemporary philosophy, and concluded that his method has become an inherent characteristic of any serious research and a rational approach to reach the truth and certainty in any subject under discussion.

He then reviewed the most important features of the philosophical method of Al- Sadr.

These are : objectivity, by which he means looking at the subject of research apartfromf any subjective or personal considerations.

The next is scientific honesty in which presenter gives the idea surveyed in a documented and secured way regardless of being acceptable or disputed by the researcher.

The third one is analysis dividing the subject in to simplified parts and then combine them to form a complex matter.

This explains two of his rules as analysis and synthesis in his solutions for the Theory of Knowledge, which is an old as well as modern subject for philosophers, by which the philosopher’s doctrine and school are known ; is it idealistic or empirical.

The researcher then moves to criticise the method of Syyed Al- Sadr, he shed a glimpse at the definition of critique, especially in the philosophy of Kant, and then he moves to analyze the intellectual works of Syyed Al- Sadr, to note that it is critical approach in many aspects, but this critical work was not only reputing and opposing, but is closer to analytical discussion of other thoughts; going behind the face values in order to find what is really behind that particular idea for the said philosopher.

He provides two examples to show how his critique approach works.

In the first he criticises the empiricism and in the other he discusses the Dialectics.

And the last feature in which this research concludes his paper is the authenticity.

Although al Sadr uses all modern tools and methodologies, yet he remains faithful to the originality and intellectual heritage of Islam in Jurisprudence, Principles of Jurisprudence, Theology, and Philosophy.