المرحلة الاجتماعية في روايات نجيب محفوظ : نقد و تحليل

الملخص EN

This research deals with an important period in Nejeeb Mehfoodh's literature.

The researcher has referred to general view in his literature and the most important periods that the critics have known such as the historical ,social and symbolic periods .In addition to a quick review to Arab novel starting from the beginning of the twentieth century up to the middle stage of the mentioned century which witnessed the development of this literature .Nejeeb Mehfoodh represented the most necessary turning in its development .

Taha Hussien said: The art of the literary novel began to appear by the novelist Nejeeb Mehfoodh .This research is divided in to parts: 1-The most important works of the social stage.

2- The most important distinguishing features of the social stage.

In the first section ,there is a quick summary of four novels that distinguish the social stage.

In the first section ,there is a quick summary of four novels that distinguish the social stage such as:(The new Cairo 1945,Al-khalili inn 1946,Al-Medeq plane 1947,Beginning and end).The second section has dealt with the most important distinguishing features of the social stage on the artistic and subjective levels.

The Most important of these distinguishing features are: The variety of recitative forms and development the novelistic and dramatic building represented by increasing of the improvement in the artistic level as if the next novel completes the former one relating to ordination of events and variety of characters in addition to his focus on double behaviour of his characters and their disputes towards the society issues, religion and traditions.

The other distinguishing features are the harnessing of foreign and popular utterances that the novels of Nejeeb Mehfoodh filled with : There is another distingushing feature: (The harnessing of some Philosophical concepts ) in his works such as dualism ,condradiction,contrast,coincidence in addition to his concentration on the psychological analysis .

At the end I would like to refer that Nejeeb Mehfoodh represented transportation stage in the development of the Arab novel as new literary kind .The works of the social trend is beginning towards his intellectual transportation towards matter of the society in which he lived to be a mirror of his time instead of his being interested in old Egyptian history.