تلوث البيئة الشاطئية لسوق السمك المركزي بمحافظة جدة : دراسة في الجيومورفولوجيا البيئية

الملخص EN

This research aims to show the elements of the environmental pollution in the central fish market area, and to define the causes behind it.

It also aims to determine the spatial variations of the pollutants, in addition to the coastline morphology contribution and trends in distributing or concentrating the solid contaminants in specific points.

To achieve the objectives of the study, samples were collected from the coastal waters of the fish market and analyzed to determine the heavy elements along with the elements of the chemical and bacterial pollution.

A comprehensive inventory of the solid pollutants was also applied.

One of the main findings of the study, the presence of solid waste which needs long periods of time to decompose, such as plastic materials and glass bottles.

Foci of environmental pollution was found either in some of the sales platforms or the market ground.

According to the bacterial analyses results, the central fish market area contamination is acceptable less than the limit allowed internationally, with the exception of two dangerously contaminated sites at the sanitation exit of the workers residences.

The results of chemical analysis proved that the average concentration does not exceed the internationally and regionally allowable limit; with the exception of salinity, phosphate, and pH.

The toxic heavy metals, most of the samples tested more than the average concentrations for the limit in accordance with international standards (arsenic, mercury, cadmium, chromium, nickel, and lead).

The minor elements; increase concentrations of iron in 64% of the samples of the limit permitted by the World Health Organization, while copper showed less than the average in all samples from the local and international limit.

The study recommended the necessity to implement strict laws to maintain the hygiene whether of the market or the beach.

Spread the awareness among the fishermen and the workers not to dispose the boats oil in the bay and to treat the wastewater from the residence before throwing it in the sea.