النشاط الموسمي لحافرة أوراق البندورة الطماطم Tuta absoluta Meyrik و أعدائها الحيوية و مكافحتها كيميائيا في المنطقة الساحلية من سورية

الملخص EN

Tuta absoluta Meyrik is considered as a serious pest on tomato in many countries.

This pest was reported in greenhouses along the Syrian coast in early March, 2010.

It caused severe yield loss of tomato production in plastic houses during the summer growing season.

In this region, changes in the pest population density was monitored and natural enemies were identified.

The effect of some bio-pesticides on T.

absoluta larvae was also evaluated.

Three species of parasitoids were recorded to attack these larvae, the first one belongs to the family Eulophidae, was found in greenhouses along the Syrian coast, and the other two species belong to the family Braconidae were observed to attack larvae in the open fields at 400 and 900 m above sea level.

In the fields where parasitoids were active, pest damage was restricted to the leaves, and the rate of infestation remained low.

In Kadmous site, the proportion of tunnels which contained larvae reached 24.3%, and 44% of these larvae were found dead as a result of parasitism.

In Sanouber site (plastic house) the proportion of tunnels which contained larvae reached 22.4%, only 5% of these died because of the absence of natural enemies.

The effect of bio-pesticides was variable.

The efficacy of neem extract was 61.7%, and that of Newtrefert was 100% 14 days after spraying.

Further studies on the ecology of these parasitoids are needed in order to incorporate them as a component for the integrated management of tomato pests.

Keywords: Tuta absuluta, Natural enemies, parasitoids, control, trap, Syria.