Probing Fractionalized Charges

الملخص EN

Inspired by the holographic entanglement entropy, for geometries with nonzero abelian charges, we define a quantity which is sensitive to the background charges.

One observes that there is a critical charge below the system that is mainly described by the metric, and the effects of the background charges are just via metric's components.

For charges above the critical one, the background gauge field plays an essential role.

This, in turn, might be used to define an order parameter to probe phases of a system with fractionalized charges.