تقسيمات اللاهوت في فلسفة كانط النقدية

الملخص EN

Kant defines theology as a science of cognition of a Supreme being, are not determined by one, but his several divisions according to the role of the reason in that division, we find in the philosophy of Kant critique two main theology divisions : first, the founder of the reason, and the second is based on the external revelation, he was on the division first of what he called: "Rational Theology", and the second on what he called "Historical Theology", we find in rational theology major role of the reason in which, If the deal with the theme of the reason in this division comes from concepts and perceptions of so-called "Transcendental Theology", and if the reason in dealing with the theme of this division comes through sensory experience called "Natural Theology", the latter division is addressed through pure reason, If the deal with the theme of reason comes from the need to do the necessary ethics called "Moral Theology", the latter division is addressed through practical reason, and the division of the latter, according to Kant's vision is the true representative of the true religion.

The rejection of Kant's evidence divisions of transcendental theology and natural theology, which tried to prove the existence of God ; by ingestion of that evidence by the Pure reason on theoretical knowledge, The latter cannot prove all that is outside the scope of the world of phenomena, While we find that the practical reason could prove the inability of his of pure reason through evidence for the existence of God, the moral within the field of moral theology, the historical theology reaction was violent towards him Kant; to the fact that its source outside the scope of reason, and its association with historical facts, and it rests upon approach to tradition and transport ; what led to the dismemberment of the same religion to different faiths.